Toyota company

Toyota «Toyota company» (Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota Jidosha KK), Japanese automobile company in the financial and industrial group "Toyota". One of the largest automobile companies in the world. Markets its products under various brands, including "Daihatsu". Its headquarters are located in the city of Toyota (Toyota).
The history of the Toyota company can be considered in 1933 when the company Toyoda Automatic Loom Works, originally did not have to do with cars and engaged in the textile industry, opened the car department. He opened his eldest son, owner of Sakichi Toyoda (Sakichi Toyoda) Kiichiro Toyoda (Kiichiro Toyoda), and subsequently led to a Toyota car brand world renown. The initial capital for the development of the first cars were money raised by selling the patent rights of spinning a British company Platt Brothers.

In 1935, work was completed on the first passenger car, dubbed the Model A1 (later AA) and the first truck Model G1, and in 1936 the car Model AA was put into production. Then there was made the first export shipment - four trucks G1 went to northern China. A year later, in 1937, the automobile department became a separate company, called Toyota Motor Co., Ltd. Such is the brief history of the pre-war development of Toyota.

After the Second World War in 1947 saw another new model - Toyota Model SA, and in 1950, under the most severe financial crisis, the company has gone through the first and only strike of their workers. The result was a revised corporate policies, sales department to form a separate company - Toyota Motor Sales Co., Ltd. However, for the postwar years when Japan's auto industry on a par with other branches suffered not the best of times, the company went out of the crisis with the biggest losses.

In the early 50's Taichi It (Taiichi Ohno) was conceived a unique system of production control ("Kamban"), which allows the elimination of all forms of loss - material, time and capacity. In 1962 the system was embodied in the Toyota group companies and has proved effective, contributing to the success of the company.

In 1952, he died the founder of the company - Kiichiro Toyoda. By this time, Toyota entered into during the early heyday. In the 50's were developing their own designs, extensive research, expanded lineup - appeared off-road Land Cruiser, a model now known as the Crown, and in the United States was founded Toyota Motor Sales, USA, whose task was the export of Toyota vehicles in the U.S. market. True, the first attempt to export Toyota vehicles to the U.S. market ended in failure - but then, draw conclusions and to quickly deal with new challenges, Toyota to fix it.

In 1961 he released model Toyota Publica - a small economical car, quickly became popular. In 1962, Toyota said production of one millionth car in its history. The sixties were a period of economic improvement in Japan, and as a consequence of rapid growth in car sales. Actively developing a network of dealers Toyota overseas - in South Africa, Europe and Asia. Toyota has been successful in the U.S. market - a model of Corona, which was exported there in 1965 and quickly became widespread and became the most popular in the foreign market Japanese car. The following year, 1966, Toyota releases its probably the most popular car - Corolla, production of which successfully continues to this day, and enter into a business agreement with Hino - another Japanese automaker. A similar agreement entered into another Toyota with one firm - Daihatsu - in 1967.

1970 marked the construction of new plants and the technical equipment of machines, as well as "perekochevyvaniem 'innovations with expensive models, where they were originally installed, for cheaper. Begins production models such as the Celica (1970), Sprinter, Carina, Tercel (1978), Mark II. Tercel was the first front wheel drive Japanese cars. In 1972, coming off the conveyor 10 million cars Toyota. Overcoming the energy crisis and financial difficulties by introducing a rigid regime of commodity economy, developing under the pressure of the law relating to air pollution, an efficient exhaust system, strengthening the corporate policy, Toyota entered into the next decade.

In the early 80s, to be exact, in 1982, the company Toyota Motor Co., Ltd. and Toyota Motor Sales Co., Ltd. merged into Toyota Motor Corporation. At the same time begins production model Camry. At this point, Toyota was definitively established as the largest automobile manufacturer in Japan, the third largest in the world in terms of production. In 1983, Toyota signed a multiyear agreement with General Motors, and next year begins car production at their joint venture in the U.S.. Then there was finalized the first phase of building their own test site Toyota - Shibetsu, which was completed in 1988. In 1986, to cross another milestone - released for 50-millionth car brand Toyota. Are born new models - Corsa, Corolla II, 4Runner.

One of the main events of the 80s can be considered as the emergence of such brands as Lexus - Division Toyota, was created to enter the market of high class cars. Prior to that, Japan was associated with small, efficient, inexpensive cars and democratic, with the advent of Lexus in the same sector of luxury expensive cars changed. Within a year after the founding of Lexus, in 1989, were presented and are on sale models such as the Lexus LS400 and Lexus ES250.

1990 marked the opening of its own design center - Tokyo Design Center. Interestingly, in October the same year opened the first authorized service station in the then Soviet Union. Toyota is continuing its global expansion - opening offices in more and more countries are developing and those that have already been opened. In addition, it is actively going scientific and technical research; opened by companies such as Toyota System Research Inc. (Together with Fujitsu Ltd., 1990), Toyota Soft Engineering Inc. (Jointly with Nihon Unisys, Ltd., 1991), Toyota System International Inc. (Jointly with IBM Japan Ltd. And Toshiba Corp., 1991), etc. In 1992 he published Toyota Guiding Principles - the basic principles of the corporation, the expression of corporate philosophy. Then came the Earth Charter (The Earth Charter) - in response to increasing environmental trends in society. Ecology has had on the development of Toyota great influence, and there were plans and programs to protect the environment, and in 1997 produced a model Prius, equipped with a hybrid (Toyota Hybrid System). Besides the Prius, hybrid engines are equipped with a model Coaster and RAV4.

In addition, in 90 years, Toyota managed to release its 70-millionth car (1991), and 90 millions (1996), opened in 1992, Toyota Training Center in Vladivostok, and to conclude a contract with Audi dealers and Volkswagen in 1995 sign up with Hino and Daihatsu agreement on production-sharing and in the same year to announce the adoption of a new global business plan, as well as to start producing engines with variable valve timing (VVT-i). In 1996 he opened Toyota Training Center in Moscow and began production four-stroke gasoline engine with direct fuel injection (D-4). In 1997, in addition to Prius, announced the launch of production of the Raum, and in 1998 - Avensis and a new generation of iconic off-road Land Cruiser 100. At the same time Toyota has acquired a controlling stake in Daihatsu. The following year, 1999, in Japan, was released one hundred millionth car Toyota. In 2000, sales of the Prius reached 50,000 worldwide, was launched the next generation RAV4, and in 2001 it was sold five millionth Camry in the U.S.. In July last year the company was founded «Toyota Motor» in Russia in December sales figures Prius increased to 80 thousand.

To date, Toyota - one of the world's largest car manufacturers. Of course, it is also the largest Japanese automaker, which produces more than 5.5 million vehicles a year, equal to about one car every six seconds. In the group of Toyota - a lot of companies like auto and dealing in many different areas. In 2002, Toyota entered a new realm, taking part in Formula 1 motor racing.